Let's Learn Together - Disorder-Specific Psychodrama Therapy in Theory and Practice by Kruger

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	Full Title:	Disorder-Specific Psychodrama Therapy in Theory and Practice
	Author(s):	Reinhard T. Kruger
	Publishing / Edition:	Springer, 2024

Click here for the Table of Contents of the book

Chapter 1.

References 5

Chapter 2.

The Creative Process as the Basis of Life 7

The Structural Aspect of the Process of Self-organization 10
The Process of Energetic Exchange 10
The Aspect of Action in Creative Processes 11
The Functional Aspect 12

The Creative Process of Mentalizing and Its Management via Intuition 12
The Interrelationship Circuit Between the Tools of Mentalizing and the Eight Core Psychodrama Techniques 15
Defenses, Spontaneity, and the Resolution of Different Types of Defenses Using Psychodrama Techniques 19

Disturbances in Internally Representing the Conflict System 20
Disturbances in Inner Interacting 24
Disturbances in Internal Rehearsing 29
Disturbances in Internal Integrating 33

The Attunement and Agreement Process Between the Patient and the Therapist During Psychodramatic Play 39
Developing the Modes of Mentalization 42
The Neurophysiological Foundations of Psychodramatic Play 48
The Diagnostic Psychodramatic Conversation 52
Psychodramatic Self-Supervision and Supervision 55
Disturbances in the Therapeutic Relationship, Transference, Countertransference, and Resistance 65
Group Dynamics, Transference, Countertransference, and Resistance in Group Psychotherapy 69
The Implications of Mentalization-Oriented Theory for Psychodramatic Work 76

Psychodrama is More Than a Method of Group Therapy; It is a Form of Psychotherapy 76
The Interrelationship Circuit Between the Patients' Mentalizing and Their Psychodramatic Play Must not Be Interrupted 77
The Use of Psychodrama Techniques Becomes Easier 78
The Therapist Thinks in a Systemic and Process-Oriented Manner 80
The Group is to Be Understood as a Self-organizing System 81
The Mentalization-Oriented Theory Strengthens the Effects of Psychodrama Therapy and Counseling 81

Comparison Between the Self-Image-Focused and System-Focused Style of Directing Groups 83
Similarities and Differences Between Mentalization-Orientated Theory and Other Theories of Psychodrama Therapy 83
References 94

Chapter 3.

101

Symptom-Based Diagnosis and Process-Based Diagnosis 101
The Disturbances in Mentalization and the Resulting Conflicts 102
Diagnosis and Planning in Counseling 104
References 108

Chapter 4.

111

What Are Personality Disorders? 111
Particularities in the Treatment of People with Personality Disorders 112
Particularities in the Treatment of People with Borderline Personality Disorder 117
Structural Disorder as a Fundamental Problem and Additional Diagnosis for People with Personality Disorders 120
An Overview of the Different Steps of Treatment 123
Doppelganger Technique in a 'Normal' Psychodramatic Play 126
Representing the Working of the Ego-States Using Chairs 130
Psychodramatic Approach to the Dominant Defense Pattern 140
Resolution of Defenses Through Splitting in People with Borderline Personality Disorder 149
Resolving the Fixation in a Whole Defense System 154
What Can Psychodrama Offer to Schema Therapy? 160
Integrating Inner Change into Inner Relationships' Images 163
Self-Development of Therapist and Psychodramatic Responding 166
Disturbances in the Therapeutic Relationship and Negative Therapeutic Reaction 174
References 178

Chapter 5.

181

What is Special About Trauma Therapy? 181
Definitions of a Trauma-Related Disorder and a Traumatizing Situation 183
Symptoms of Trauma-Related Disorders 185
Dissociation as a Central Characteristic of Trauma-Related Disorders 186
The Therapist Witnesses the Traumatization and the Dissociating 188
The Seven Phases of Psychodramatic Trauma Therapy 191
Trauma-Specific Diagnosis 192
The Initiation of Trauma Therapy 196
Self-Stabilization and Associated Techniques 202
Trauma Processing 207

Processing Trauma Experience Through Acting into a Coherent Story 207
The Four Functional Workspaces for Trauma Processing 209
Trauma Processing with the Help of Auxiliary Therapists 213
The Information and Control Space 214
The Safe Place 216
The Observation and Narration Room 221
The Interaction Room Between the Victim and the Perpetrator 223
Processing the Reaction to the Trauma Processing Session 225
The Contraindication of Reversing Roles with the Perpetrator 226
Trauma Processing Using the Table Stage in Individual Therapy 228
Trauma Processing in Group Therapy 230

Integrating Inner Change into Everyday Relationships 231
Secondary Traumatization 234
The Natural Self-Healing System in Humans 238
Coping Fairy Tales as a Technique for Trauma Processing 239
The Shaping of the Therapeutic Relationship 243
Secondary Trauma and Burnout in Therapists 247
Concepts of Psychodramatic Trauma Therapy by Other Psychodramatists 249

Peter Felix Kellerman (2000, pp. 23-40): The Therapeutic Aspects of Psychodrama with Traumatized People 250
Marcia Karp (2000, pp. 63-82): Psychodrama of Rape and Torture: A Sixteen-Year Follow-Up Case Study 252
Eva Roine (2000, pp. 83-96): The Use of Psychodrama with Trauma Victims 253
Anne Bannister (2000, pp. 97-113): Prisoners of the Family: Psychodrama with Abused Children 254
Clark Baim (2000, pp. 155-175): Time's Distorted Mirror: Trauma Work with Adult Male Sex Offenders 255
Jorg Burmeister (2000, pp. 198-225): Psychodrama with Survivors of Traffic Accidents 257

References 258

Chapter 6.

263

The Social Conditions of Fear 263
What Are Anxiety Disorders? 265
The Self-Protective Behavior in Patients with Panic Attacks as an Obstacle in Therapy 270
Initiation of Treatment in Patients with Panic Attacks 272
The Different Steps in Metacognitive Therapy for People with Panic Attacks 279
The Disorder-Specific Therapy of a Patient with Social Phobia 281
Crisis Intervention for Performance Anxiety 287
Other Psychodramatic Approaches in the Therapy of Anxiety Disorders 288

The Therapy of a Patient with Social Phobia by Moreno 288
The Treatment of Specific (Isolated) Phobias 289
Other Psychodrama Therapists' Approaches to Panic Attacks 291

References 293

Chapter 7.

295

Obsessive Thoughts, Compulsive Acts, and their Psychodynamic Function 295
The Disorder-Specific Treatment of Compulsive Behaviors 297
The Treatment of Obsessive Thoughts Without Compulsive Actions 301
Self-stabilization and Ego-Strengthening Through Role-Playing 304
References 307

Chapter 8.

309

What is Depression? 309
The Different Forms of Depression 311
Therapy for Depression in Current Conflicts 314
Therapy for Depression Caused by Neurotic Conflict Processing 317

The Basic Principle of Psychodramatic Therapy for Depressed People with Neurotic Conflict Processing 319
The Seven Steps of Psychodramatic Dialogue in Neurotic Depression 322
The Integration of Improved Self-actualization in Relationship Images from Childhood 332
The Therapist's Participation as a Doppelganger and an Auxiliary Ego in the Psychodramatic Dialogue 335
Psychodramatic Group Therapy for Patients with Depression 337
Therapy for Depression in Separation Conflicts 340
Therapy for Prolonged Grief Reactions 343

Therapy for Masochism and a Pathological Superego 347
Therapy for Severe Depression Bordering on Psychosis 358

Vicarious Mentalization in the Therapeutic Relationship 359
The Activation of a Sense of Self-regulation in the Symptom of Suicidal Fantasies 360
Rebuilding the Inner Fantasy Space in Everyday Life 361
Symbolizing in Nocturnal Dreams as an Amplification for Understanding the Patient's Self-regulation in Everyday Life 362
The Doppelganger Technique in Self-injurious Thinking 363
The Integration of Improved Self-actualization into the Inner Relationship Images 366
Limitations in the Therapy of People with Depression 368

Treatment with Psychopharmacology 370
Suicidal Crises 371

Fundamentals of Suicidal Crises 371
Constricted Thinking in the Pre-suicidal Syndrome 371
Criteria for Assessing the Risk of Suicide and the Need for Therapy 372
The Encounter with Death as a Wake-Up Call and an Impetus for a New Beginning 375
Therapeutic Interventions in the Event of Risk of Suicide 378

References 382

Chapter 9.

385

The Historical Development of the Treatment of People with Psychosis 385
Blockages in the Therapeutic Relationship in Psychiatric Treatment of Psychosis 388
Mentalization Disorders as the Cause of Delusional Production 390
The Psychodynamics of Psychotic Decompensation 393
Moreno's Secret in the Psychotherapy of Psychoses 396
Moreno's Metacognitive Approach in the Psychotherapy of Psychoses 398
The Transmodal Relationship with Patients Experiencing Psychosis 401
Why Metacognitive Psychodrama Therapy Can Causally Stop the Delusional Production 404

The Separation of the 'Dream Ego' from the 'Everyday Ego' Using the Two-Chair Technique 407
The Doppelganger Dialogue in the Initial Psychotherapeutic Consultation 410
The Doppelganger Dialogue for Crisis Intervention in Patients with Acute Psychosis 413
Practical Implementation of the Doppelganger Dialogue 415
The Theory of the Therapeutic Effect of Doppelganger Dialogue 422
Psychopharmacological Threatment and Personal Emergency Plan 426
Collaborative Therapy Planning 429
Moreno's Auxiliary World Method in Contemporary Form 430
Application of the Auxiliary World Method to Delusions of Grandeur 438

Transforming a Depersonalization Process into a Creative Process of Self-direction 439
Healing Psychotic Disintegration of Self Through Psychodramatic Play with Hand Puppets 441
Moreno and Casson's Theoretical and Practical Insights 445
Group Psychotherapy for People with Psychosis 448
References 451

Chapter 10.

455

Psychotherapy for Addiction Disorders 455
The Definition of Addiction and Dependence 457
Epidemiological Data and Treatment Statistics 460
Diagnosis and Addiction-Specific Symptoms 461
Psychodynamics of Addiction Development 472
The Nine Phases of Addiction Therapy 476

Awareness of Addiction, Level of Suffering, and Motivation 478
The Decision to Abstain 485
Participation in a Self-help Group 488
Working Out the Personal Rock Bottom and the Surrender 489
Relapse Prevention and the Therapeutic Approach to Relapses 493
The First Two Years of Disorder-Specific Psychotherapy 498
The Co-treatment of a Comorbid Psychological Illness 501

The Therapeutic Relationship and the Psychodramatic Responding 503
Group Therapy 508
Pill Addiction and Drug Addiction 511
Non-substance-Related Addictions 513

Psychodynamic and Therapy 513
The Ideal Addiction Scene and the Positive Function of Addictive Behavior in Self-regulation 514
Gambling Addiction and Eating Disorders 516
Sex and Porn Addiction 519
Internet Gaming Disorder 524

Co-dependency and Secondary Traumatization of Caregivers 527
References 529

Chapter 11.

533

Peculiarities in the Treatment of Persons with Pathological Deviant Behavior 533
Case Example of a Patient with Fetishistic Disorder 534
The Psychodynamic of Patients with Pathologically Deviant Behavior 535
The Disorder-Specific Therapy of Pathological Deviant Behavior 536
Developing Deviant Behavior into a Holistic Story 539
Fetishistic Acts as Masochistic Behavior 541
Importance of Abstinence from Deviant Behavior for Inner Mental Transformation 543
References 544

547

549

553

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